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Asking Questions: W-Words and the Verb Flip

A1

Everything you need to become the person who can actually find the bathroom, the train, and the price of a coffee.

W-questions: the question word comes first

W-questions ask for information: who, what, where, when. The question word takes position one, the verb comes second, and the subject follows: 'Wo wohnst du?' Notice the verb ALWAYS stays second — even in questions. That verb-second instinct you're building in statements carries right over.

The W-toolbox
WordMeaningExample
werwhoWer ist das?
waswhatWas machst du?
wowhereWo wohnst du?
woherfrom whereWoher kommst du?
wohinto whereWohin gehst du?
wannwhenWann beginnt der Kurs?
wiehowWie heißt du?
warumwhyWarum lernst du Deutsch?
wie vielhow muchWie viel kostet das?

Beispiele — examples in context

Woher kommst du? — Ich komme aus Kanada.

Where are you from? — I'm from Canada.

Tipp: woher = origin, wo = location, wohin = destination. Three words English covers with one 'where'.

Wie viel kostet der Kurs? — 120 Euro.

How much does the course cost? — 120 euros.

Tipp: wie viel for prices and amounts: the shopper's best friend.

Yes/no questions: the verb jumps forward

For yes/no questions, the conjugated verb moves to the FRONT and the subject slides in behind it: 'Du kommst aus Berlin.' → 'Kommst du aus Berlin?' That's the entire mechanism. No 'do', no auxiliary, no magic — just the flip.

Statement → question
StatementQuestion
Du sprichst Deutsch.Sprichst du Deutsch?
Sie haben Zeit.Haben Sie Zeit?
Das Restaurant ist offen.Ist das Restaurant offen?
Wir sind zu spät.Sind wir zu spät?

Beispiele — examples in context

Hast du morgen Zeit? — Ja, klar!

Do you have time tomorrow? — Yes, of course!

Ist hier frei? — Nein, sorry.

Is this seat free? — No, sorry.

Tipp: 'Ist hier frei?' — the question you'll use at every café and train station in Germany.

Pro tips: the polite toolkit

'Wie bitte?' means 'Sorry, what?' — the polite way to ask someone to repeat. Add 'Entschuldigung' before any question to a stranger, and soften requests with 'Können Sie mir sagen, …?' (Can you tell me…?). These three phrases make you sound polite even when your German is still small — politeness is 90% of survival.

Beispiele — examples in context

Wie bitte? Können Sie das bitte wiederholen?

Sorry, what? Could you please repeat that?

Tipp: Your universal rescue line for fast speakers.

Entschuldigung, können Sie mir sagen, wo der Bahnhof ist?

Excuse me, can you tell me where the train station is?

Tipp: Long phrase, perfect grammar — memorize it as one chunk.